Overview
Learning Objectives
After working through this topic you should be able to: Define HFrEF (LVEF 40% or less) and HFnrEF (LVEF above 40%) using the current Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) terms...
NCLEX-RN
NCLEX-RN
After working through this topic you should be able to: - Define HFrEF (LVEF 40% or less) and HFnrEF (LVEF above 40%) using the current Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) terms, and map them to the older labels HFmrEF, HFpEF and "systolic" and "diastolic" failure. - Explain why a normal ejection fraction does not rule out heart failure, and name the three criteria the CCS uses to diagnose HFnrEF. - Compare the two phenotypes on mechanism, usual causes, natriuretic peptide use, and which drug classes have trial evidence in each. - Recognize acute decompensation and low output, state the first nursing actions, and name who is notified and how fast. - Monitor guideline-directed therapy safely: blood pressure, heart rate, potassium, creatinine, weight, and the drug-specific safety rules (36-hour ACE inhibitor washout before an ARNI, drug-specific potassium reporting, SGLT2 inhibitor ketoacidosis). - Teach a client the daily weight rule, sodium range and the warning signs that need a call the same day or 911.
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